Enlarged Prostate (BPH)

IN LATER YEARS

The longer you live, the more likely you’ll develop an enlarged prostate. More than half of men in their 60s and as many as 90 percent in their 70s and 80s have some symptoms of BPH.

benign prostatic hyperplasia

Prostate enlargement, or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

The prostate is a gland that sits below the bladder and on top of the rectum. The prostate is the first part of the urethra (the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the tip of the penis). The prostate continues to grow during most of a man’s life and can begin to cause problems in later years. An enlarged prostate squeezes the urethra like a clamp on a garden hose. This prostate enlargement can sometimes cause difficulty with urination.

Possible Causes

As common at BPH is, its causes are not well-understood. It’s thought that the natural elevation of hormones in older men promotes cell growth in the prostate. Another theory focuses on the accumulation of high levels of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in the prostates of some older men, causing cell growth.

BPH Symptoms

Symptoms of BPH often include the following:
  • Weak or slow urinary stream
  • Frequent need to urinate especially at night
  • The feeling you’re unable to empty your bladder
  • Urgent feeling that you need to urinate
Check out your own symptom score here.

Prostate Centers at Urology of St. Louis | IR Centers

Prostate Artery Embolization

A new procedure known as prostate artery embolization (PAE) has emerged as an alternative to more invasive surgical procedures.

In PAE, small particles are injected directly into the arteries (blood vessels) that supply blood to the prostate, leading to devascularization (decrease in blood supply) of the obstructive portion of the prostate.

As the prostate reduces in size (because the blood supply is slowed), obstruction along the urinary pathway is lessened and pressure on the bladder is reduced.

UroLift® System Treatment

UroLift is a minimally-invasive procedure that lifts and holds the enlarged prostate tissue so it no longer blocks the urethra. Typically performed as an outpatient procedure using only sedation, it employs using small implants introduced with a cystoscope to increase the opening of the urethra. Patients usually go home the same day without a catheter.  

Looking for a second opinion?

We understand how overwhelming it can be to face a recent urologic diagnosis. Our team of experts is here to provide a second opinion, empowering you to make well-informed decisions about your treatment and giving you the peace of mind you deserve. Schedule an appointment with us today, and let’s explore your options together.

BPH Treatment Options

Prostate Centers at Urology of St. Louis | IR Centers

As a leader in comprehensive urologic care, Prostate Centers at Urology St. Louis is proud to offer a new minimally invasive treatment option for the treatment of enlarged prostate in our new, office-based, outpatient Interventional Radiology suite located in the Walker Medical Building. Patients are treated with personalized care by our staff and physician on the day of their procedure. No general anesthesia is required, and the patient can return home within hours of the procedure.

Click here to learn more about PAE and IR Centers.

For mild-to-moderate symptoms of BPH, a drug regimen may be the answer. Finasteride (Proscar) and dutasteride (Avodart) inhibit production of the hormone DHT and can either prevent progression of growth of the prostate or actually shrink the prostate in some men. Terazosin (Hytrin), doxazosin (Cardura), tamsulosin (Flomax) and alfuzosin (Uroxatral) relax the smooth muscle of the prostate and bladder neck to improve urine flow and to reduce bladder outlet obstruction.

For mild-to-moderate symptoms of BPH, a drug regimen may be the answer. Terazosin (Hytrin), doxazosin (Cardura), tamsulosin (Flomax) and alfuzosin (Uroxatral) relax the smooth muscle of the prostate and bladder neck to improve urine flow and to reduce bladder outlet obstruction. These medications can improve urinary symptoms within a few weeks.

Finasteride (Proscar) and dutasteride (Avodart) inhibit production of the hormone DHT and can either prevent progression of prostate growth or actually shrink the prostate in some men. They can take 3 to 6 months to work. They can also affect PSA levels, which must be accounted for when screening for prostate cancer. 

UroLift is a minimally-invasive procedure that lifts and holds the enlarged prostate tissue so it no longer blocks the urethra. Typically performed as an outpatient procedure using only sedation, it employs using small implants introduced with a cystoscope to increase the opening of the urethra. Patients usually go home the same day without a catheter. Click here to learn more

Rezūm is a minimally-invasive water vapor therapy treatment that precisely targets the prostate’s obstructive tissue with controlled doses of steam to eliminate the tissue which is later absorbed by the body. This shrinks the prostate and relieves the pressure that makes urination difficult. The outpatient procedure takes only seconds and is performed under light sedation.

Learn more by watching these videos:

How it Works: Rezum Water Vapor Therapy

What is Rezum Water Vapor Therapy?

Joe’s experience with Rezum Water Vapor Therapy (Full Story)

Doctor Becomes Patient: Dr. Sethi’s Experience with Rezum Water Vapor Therapy

 

The prostate tissue is surgically removed using electrocautery. The procedure is done in the hospital and requires an overnight stay. Your urologist will recommend this procedure based on factors found during prostate imaging or cystoscopy. A catheter may be needed after the procedure for a short time.

A specialized laser is used to remove prostate tissue. HoLEP is often used for very large prostates for maximum removal of tissue and to create a wide-open channel for urine elimination. The procedure is done in the hospital and requires an overnight stay. A catheter is left after the procedure for a short time.

Your urologist may recommend opening up the prostate channel with a robotic surgical procedure or traditional open surgery. Surgery is usually reserved for severely-enlarged prostates that are unlikely to respond to other treatment options. This procedure requires a catheter afterward and a hospital stay.